8 billion times in an average lifetime. 99. Jan 30, 2023 · Late decelerations are one of the precarious decelerations among the three types of fetal heart rate decelerations during labor. https://pubmed. Each element is scored 0, 1, or 2. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 29(5): 803-6. 7 bpm. Mar 3, 2011 · The heart rate centile chart demonstrates a small peak at one month of age. If the fetal heart rate increases at least 15 beats per minute (BPM) over the baseline (between 120 and 160 bpm), lasting at least 15 seconds, within a 20-minute Jan 29, 2024 · During an ultrasound between weeks 18 and 22 of pregnancy, a healthcare professional will check the fetal anatomy, including the heart. It looks for any increases or decreases in the baby’s heartbeat. Jul 31, 2023 · 6-7 Weeks: The heart starts beating, and the heartbeat can be detected via transvaginal ultrasound. However, none of these is related to the sex of your baby. Athletes in top condition. Providers use EFM widely, though experts recommend it only for pregnancies that are at high risk of complications. Some babies have heart rates that are slower or faster than average. With an at-home fetal doppler device, most women can pick up a heartbeat around 12 weeks. Dec 15, 2023 · A 140 fetal heart rate or higher is still in girl territory (so the theory goes). " Because Pitocin is metabolized very quickly, turning off the infusion in most cases resolves the problem of too-frequent contractions. 2. Normal fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per minute. Apgar scoring is designed to assess for signs of hemodynamic compromise, including cyanosis, hypoperfusion, bradycardia, hypotonia, respiratory depression, or apnea. But this has Gestational Age Week 7 (Fetal Age: 5 weeks) Generally, 6 ½ – 7 weeks is the time when a heartbeat can be detected and viability can be assessed. But there’s a range here too, anything below 100 in the first 6 to 8 weeks of gestation—especially below 90 bpm—increases the chance of pregnancy loss. This involves taking a few small drops of blood from your baby's scalp (like a pin prick). It can vary by 5 to 25 beats per minute. Predicting a baby’s gender has a 50% chance of coming true, so it is good to bet on horses, but not on baby names. chest breathing, especially Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring is commonly used to assess fetal well-being during labor. Read Aug 23, 2023 · You can hear baby's heartbeat sound using FetalCare. Starting some time in your second trimester, your practitioner will use one to check your baby’s heart rate and rhythm, which can offer insight into how your sweet pea is growing and developing in utero. Apr 26, 2023 · Fetal circulation bypasses the lungs via a shunt known as the ductus arteriosus; the liver is also bypassed via the ductus venosus, and blood can travel from the right atrium to the left atrium via the foramen ovale. Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) then increases progressively over the subsequent 2-3 weeks and here are averages according to the literature. The fetal heart rate may change as the fetus responds to conditions in the uterus. Jan 26, 2018 · It indicates that the fetal condition is good. Nov 5, 2018 · 3. 40 to 60 bpm. When a child has SVT, the heart suddenly starts to beat very fast, at rates of 180 to 280 beats a minute and up to 300 beats a minute in infants. In general Mar 24, 2020 · MONITOR HEARTBEAT TRENDS AND MORE . Apr 29, 2022 · Electronic fetal monitoring is a continuous test that records your contractions and your baby’s heart rate. They provide details of fetal heart rate classification systems used in studies included for the review question about interpretation of cardiotocograph traces. Follow safe sleeping practices: Ensure your baby sleeps on their back in a crib with no loose bedding or stuffed animals that could obstruct their breathing. 30 weeks pregnancy. Sale. Mar 2, 2022 · Fetal decelerations refer to temporary but distinct decreases of the fetal heart rate (FHR) identified during electronic fetal heart monitoring. The presence of accelerations is considered a reassuring sign of fetal well-being. We started with a precise definition of "normality" and performed a retrospective computerized analysis of electronically Baby Bliss. If there is some other reason to suspect the baby is at higher risk for heart problems. By the beginning of the 9th week of pregnancy, the normal fetal heart rate is an average of 175 bpm (beats per minute). As your approach mid-pregnancy, the average heart rates run between 120 - 160 BPM. Body temperature does not change with age. The fetal heart rate is vital when it comes to both mom and baby. (See "Nonstress test and contraction stress test", section on 'Physiologic basis of fetal heart rate changes' . Ikemba says. Your provider may do fetal heart monitoring during late pregnancy and labor. Although detection of fetal compromise is one benefit of fetal monitoring, there are also risks Jan 4, 2024 · Worrying about your baby while they sleep is a tried and true pastime of new parents everywhere. A fetal heartbeat starts at between 90 and 110 bpm during the first weeks of pregnancy. However, body temperature may fluctuate depending upon the time of day, and a normal temperature may range between 97. Jul 14, 2023 · Other treatments may be needed to steady the fetal heart rate. With a stethoscope, a baby’s heartbeat is often detectable between the 18th and 20th week The normal values for blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate change as the newborn/infant/child grows and ages. Dec 9, 2023 · During the first trimester, when a fetal Doppler is used, the baby's heart rate can usually be detected between 8 and 12 weeks gestation. For example, a heart rate of 130 to 150 beats per minute is normal for a newborn infant, but it would be considered fast for a school age child. Jul 26, 2021 · Summary. If you are a mama, especially a first time mama I highly recommend adding this to your registry! 1. Check on your unborn baby’s heart rate during your third trimester on a daily basis with this heartrate monitor – without even leaving your home. If there’s an abnormal fetal heart rate or rhythm. If fetal heart rate monitoring during labour shows your baby may be distressed, fetal scalp blood sampling may be recommended. KEY FEATURES: Trend statistics - observe the daily fetal movement trend without worry. Cardiac Activity: The cells that will eventually become your baby’s heart are beating 150 to 170 times per minute, about double the rate of yours. There are several ways your baby’s heart rate is monitored: Dec 14, 2022 · Determine baseline fetal heart rate by looking at the mean fetal heart rate, excluding accelerations and decelerations, over a period of 10 minutes when the fetal heart rate is stable. Fetal heart rate monitoring measures the heart rate and rhythm of your baby (fetus). Faster fetal heart rate: myth. Baby’s Heartbeat. At birth, the opening between the two atria closes. When a doctor is referring to fetal heart rate, he or she is talking about the baby’s heartbeat in utero. Parents lose an average of 133 nights' worth of sleep before their babies turn one. Our unique technology provides valuable insights that every parent needs. eufy Baby Smart Sock S320 Baby Monitor with 2. Your baby’s heart beats quickly because of the Jul 13, 2022 · Fetal monitoring tracks the speed and pattern of your baby’s heartbeat. Here’s what. There is also a slow deceleration in fetal heart rate in the An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a problem in the heart's electrical system, also called the cardiac conduction system. This can be an irregular heartbeat or heart rate that is too fast or too slow. View all. It will increase and peak at around Jun 28, 2024 · One such research conducted in August 2023 concluded that the first trimester fetal heart rate is not a reliable marker for fetal sex determination [ 11 ]. By now your baby's heart rate will have slowed to around 140 beats per minute. The average rate ranges from 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm), with a variation of 5 to 25 bpm. For some, this may be an exciting idea, because a doctor can determine the heart rate from the first Dec 18, 2023 · Internal fetal heart rate monitoring procedure. And a low bpm for a boy is considered anything below that: think a 138 fetal heart rate. In low-risk populations, they are not associated with an increased risk of structural fetal heart disease 71, 72. HeraBEAT uses professional ultrasound doppler technology, which is known for its accuracy, reliability, and safety. A fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per minute (bpm) , though it may be higher or lower A fetal echocardiogram takes detailed pictures of the heart to understand if your baby may be born with a heart problem. A reassuring fetal heart rate pattern on CTG exhibits moderate baseline variability with ≥ 2 accelerations but no decelerations in a 20 minute period. Nosebleeds are quite common in pregnancy because of hormonal Jul 7, 2020 · The weeks and months after a baby is born are a critical time for the growth of the heart of premature babies. A rapid fetal heart rate is termed a fetal tachycardia and is usually defined as: FHR >160-180 bpm 5,7. Variable decelerations are under vagal mediation through baroreceptors or chemoreceptors. Save $15. Aug 1, 2023 · Fetal heart monitoring measures the heart rate and rhythm of your baby (fetus). You at 27 weeks. When you feel the pulse, count the beats for 15 seconds. During this time, the fetal heart rate should be between 110 and 160 beats per minute. 9 C). A study of a group of first-trimester babies calculated that the baby boys had an average heart rate of 154. So it is better to consider these only as fun distractions. Sep 26, 2022 · Learn how fetal heart rate changes throughout pregnancy and why it matters for your baby's health. [2022] 1. Higher or lower rates can be a sign your baby is having trouble coping with labour, depending on a number of factors. "Eighteen weeks gestation is the earliest we would do a fetal echocardiogram, but the ideal time is 22 to 26 weeks," Dr. $16999. Moderate fluctuations between six and 25 beats per minute over a 10-minute Jun 2, 2023 · Normal heart rate and regular rhythm should be confirmed. You’ll put your feet and legs in supports, like you’re getting a vaginal exam. The median heart rate increases from 127 beats/minute at birth to a maximum of 145 beats/minute at approximately one month of age, before decreasing to 113 beats/minute by the age of two. The following tables are reproduced from CG190. ) Once you're about 20 weeks pregnant, your baby's heartbeat can be heard with a stethoscope. This is indicated during a non-stress test (NST). The heart rate is relatively slow, around 90-110 bpm. However, many variables (such as the Jul 24, 2023 · Some people believe that the speed of the fetus’ heart rate can predict the baby’s sex. A fetal Doppler is a handheld device that uses high-frequency sound waves to listen to the baby's heartbeat. During pregnancy your obstetrician may recommend other tests to monitor the fetal heart rate: Nonstress test. The doctor will check Sep 26, 2018 · Throughout pregnancy, your baby’s heart will continue to develop. ~110 bpm by 5-6 weeks. 2,850. Noninvasive means it doesn't cut into the skin or enter any part of the body. Children 10 years and older and adults (including seniors) 60 to 100 bpm. Use a reliable baby monitor: Invest in a high-quality baby monitor that includes features like heart rate monitoring or alerts for abnormal fluctuations. 0 ANT+ Heart Rate Monitor Chest Sensor with Rechargeable Battery, HRM Works with Strava/Wahoo Fitness/Polar Beat/Peloton/Zwift/DDP Yoga App. Go to an emergency room or call 911 right away if your child has symptoms such as racing heart, dizziness, chest pain or fainting and: Aug 10, 2023 · Pregnancy makes the heart and blood vessels work harder. 3 F (37. An athletic teenager may have a heart rate of 50 at rest but could have heart rate of 180 during heavy exercise. ncbi. 3 weeks gestation, or. Unrestricted by time and space, fetal heart rate monitoring can be performed anytime, anywhere. Hakakha adds that during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy, fetal heart rate is almost always confirmed by using an ultrasound machine, which uses soundwaves to pick up a baby's heartbeat from Jun 24, 2024 · Fetal heart rate A fetus’s heart will start beating at approximately 6 weeks of pregnancy. Your baby at 27 weeks. The relationship between these two variables is widely accepted to correlate with the oxygenation status of the fetus. 12 Weeks: By this time, the heart rate stabilizes to the typical range of 120-160 bpm. It’s also important to know the normal “maximum” heart rate Apr 4, 2024 · As your pregnancy progresses, health care providers tend to use fetal Dopplers. Skipped (or ectopic) beats are the most common rhythm disturbance. This is largely because they are faced with major blood flow changes and increased Jun 4, 2013 · There is no consensus about the normal fetal heart rate. As early as 20 gestation weeks, you may use this heartrate monitor to detect your baby’s heartbeat. Join Prime to buy this item at $139. The test measures the heart rate of an unborn baby as the baby moves in the uterus. If your baby moves, his or her heart rate goes up, just as your heart rate does with movement. At 20 weeks, according to Navya, “the fetal heart rate is around 110-160 BPM at this stage”. Mar 28, 2024 · 70 to 110 bpm. FDA-Cleared: Dream Sock is the first and only FDA-Cleared smart baby monitor and is intended for use with healthy infants between 1-18 months, 6-30 lbs. A normal heartbeat at 6-7 weeks would be 90-110 beats per minute. The average fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per minute, and can vary five to 25 beats per minute. At about 10 weeks to 12 weeks, the heart is formed. Charge the monitor for 10 hours to enjoy up to 5 days of use. It also checks how much the baby’s heart rate changes. However, sometimes deeply asleep babies may have heart rates down to the 80s or 90s. Normal heart rates for a sleeping baby range between 65-100 beats per minute, depending on their age. 0 weeks. Feb 3, 2024 · The fact is, male and female babies have identical heart rates. The average heart rate of an unborn baby is 110 to 160 beats per minute. And according to this old wives’ tale, your baby’s heart rate can predict their gender! The Myth. 00. BabyHeart x Hi-Bebe Fetal Doppler (Limited Edition) Comes with a visual heartwave monitor. Find out the normal fetal heart rate range and what factors can affect it. The heart rate of a fetus changes as it develops. Feel for the pulse on the inner arm between the shoulder and the elbow: Gently press two fingers (don't use your thumb) on the spot until you feel a beat. Your baby is now getting oxygen from their lungs and not from the placenta. Oct 25, 2022 · The fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern helps to distinguish the former from the latter as it is an indirect marker of fetal cardiac and central nervous system responses to changes in blood pressure, blood gases, and acid-base status. The baby’s heart rate could increase all the way up to 170 bpm. Supraventricular tachycardia means fast heart rate coming A fetal heart monitor is a handheld Doppler device that uses ultrasound technology to listen to a baby’s heart during pregnancy. $269. Fetal heart monitors measure the rate and rhythm of a fetus’s heart. The fetal heart rate may change as the baby responds to conditions Frequent and prolonged apneic episodes often lead to heart rate drops and decreased levels of oxygen ( desaturations or hypoxia ). 00 $199. Fetal Movement Recording - Accurately FDA-Cleared: Dream Sock is the first and only FDA-Cleared smart baby monitor and is intended for use with healthy infants between 1-18 months, 6-30 lbs. gov/25754210/ Opens a new window [Accessed April 2023] Sep 18, 2023 · If a heart abnormality is suspected on routine ultrasound. The heart also pumps more blood each minute, and the heart rate increases. Together with Flo, learn how fetal heart tracing actually works. 4. Newborns have resting heart rates around 100 to 150 beats per minute, way higher than that of adults. Labor and delivery add to the heart's workload too. During labor, there are sudden changes in blood flow and blood pressure Apr 29, 2023 · In most cases, these heart rate changes are of no major concern, and the birth proceeds normally. Aug 26, 2022 · Learn how your baby's heart and circulatory system grow and change throughout pregnancy, and when you can hear the heartbeat with an ultrasound or Doppler. While regular baby monitors can help you keep an eye (and an ear) on your little one, movement monitors take the traditional monitor up a notch, providing tracking features that can record things like your baby’s breathing, heart rate and even their sleep patterns and alert you if something looks Apr 3, 2020 · Unfortunately, you can’t hear it as early as you can with an ultrasound or fetal Doppler. The normal rate ranges from 120 to 160 beats per min (bpm). Your baby's brain, lungs and digestive system are formed but not fully mature and are still developing. There’s other kind of development going on, too. A true heartbeat doesn't develop until roughly weeks 17 to 20 of pregnancy, when the Jun 14, 2024 · When you’re 8 weeks pregnant, your baby has a quick fetal pulse and is starting to develop facial features, fingers and toes. Your healthcare provider may do fetal heart monitoring during late pregnancy and labor. Track Live Pulse Rate & Oxygen: View and track your baby’s pulse rate, oxygen, wakings, and sleep trends from anywhere and in real-time via the Owlet Dream App. (It’s also important to note that fetal heart rates can change, and they’re also variable from beat to beat. During pregnancy, blood volume increases by 30% to 50% to nourish the growing baby. At 20 weeks, heart defects can be detected. The human heart beats more than 2. ) Oct 25, 2019 · By the ninth week, your baby’s heartbeat typically will reach between 140-170 bpm and some literature state 140 – 180 bpm. But a C-section may be necessary if the baby's heart rate worsens or the baby shows other signs of Aug 1, 2020 · Your baby's heart rate is normal if it stays between 110 and 160 beats per minute. Girl: If your baby’s fetal heart rate is above 140 beats per minute (bpm), you're having a girl. (A normal resting heart rate for adults is 60 to 100 beats per minute. ) . Contents Overview Test Details Results and Follow-Up. Normal fetal heart rate is between 110-160 bpm and can be measured via cardiotocography (CTG). This is intended to benefit the mother and fetus by providing obstetric clinicians with additional real-time information that Oct 29, 2021 · In fact, a normal fetal heart rate is anywhere between 110 and 160 beats per minute. Fetal scalp blood sampling can give an immediate report on your baby's Apr 1, 2013 · The enhanced Dream Duo combines the Dream Sock and Cam 2 and is the only baby monitor to track heart rate and oxygen—all while streaming HD video right to your phone. In more severe cases, other medications can be given to reverse the effects in seconds, allowing the uterus to relax and oxygenated blood to During late pregnancy and labor, your physician may recommend monitoring the fetal heart rate and other functions. breathing that stops for longer than 20 seconds. Listen closely the next time your doctor listens to the baby’s heartbeat. When deciding if there is any change in baseline fetal heart rate, compare it with earlier CTG traces or recordings of fetal heart rate. We added our cutting edge technology and user friendly approach to make the device portable, affordable, and most importantly, easy to use at home. 603. 4 GHz Wi-Fi, Track Sleep Patterns, Naps, Heart Rate, and Blood Oxygen Levels, Soft and Comfortable, for Babies 0-18 Months, No Monthly Fee. An abnormal heart rate could mean there is a problem; for Lay your baby down on the back with one arm bent so the hand is up by the ear. A fetus’s heart rate will usually range between 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm), but it can vary throughout pregnancy. They are caused by decreased blood flow to the placenta and can signify an impending fetal acidemia. Oct 22, 2019 · Heart rates start out slower, and then by 8-10 weeks run in the range of 170-200 BPM (beats per minute). FHR baseline usually ranges from 120-160 beats per minute Feb 24, 2023 · When to go to the hospital for rapid heart rate. Apr 25, 2023 · First trimester fetal heart rate as a predictor of newborn sex. This lets your healthcare provider see how your baby is doing. nih. It should increase during contractions and when the baby moves, and it should return to normal after the baby Feb 18, 2024 · The normal range for a full term baby’s heart rate during labour is between 110 and 160 beats per minute (bpm). 200+ bought in past month. Although your baby’s heartbeat was higher during week 9, it typically declines to around 150 bpm by week 14. Aug 11, 2022 · A low heart rate, or unusual patterns in the heart rate, could signal fetal distress. Late decelerations are defined as a visually apparent, gradual decrease in the fetal heart rate typically following Feb 24, 2020 · bleeding. How is a fetal echocardiogram done? Fetal heart tracing allows your doctor to measure the rate and rhythm of your little one’s heartbeat. Fetal heart rate monitoring is used to check the rate and rhythm of the heartbeats. In fact, a newborn's resting heart rate is in the ballpark of the target heart Nov 3, 2021 · That's because your baby's heart beats much faster than yours does, averaging between 110 and 160 beats per minute. Doctors may recommend fetal heart rate monitoring during late pregnancy or labor to monitor the fetus’s health Apr 29, 2024 · 20 weeks fetal heart rate. Electronic fetal monitoring is used to record the heartbeat of the fetus and the contractions of the mother’s uterus before and during labor. Aug 1, 2020 · Continuous electronic fetal monitoring is the continuous monitoring of fluctuations of the fetal heart rate (FHR) in relation to maternal contractions and is considered standard practice during Aug 23, 2023 · Fetal movement decreases until it disappears within 24 hours, and the fetal heart rate disappears. Possibly, direct cord compression leads to fetal hypertension, which in turn leads to baroreceptor response and subsequent vagal-mediated heart rate Aug 12, 2022 · In fact, even the high-tech fetal Doppler used in your practitioner’s office doesn’t always pick up fetal cardiac activity until somewhere between week 9 and week 14 of pregnancy, since it depends on the position of your baby in your womb and other factors. 15. Therefore, relying on the mother's self-monitoring and grasping the changes of fetal movement every day, you can know whether the baby is safe in the womb at any time, and detect problems early. Find out the average fetal heart rate by week, how it varies throughout the day, and how it is monitored in labor. COOSPO Heart Rate Monitor Chest Strap H9Z, Bluetooth 5. It’s also time for a full anatomy check ‒ part of which is checking that the heart is operating as it should be. In most healthy babies, the heart rate, also known as the fetal heart rate, increases during movement. You The number of fetal heart contractions per minute (beats per minute, bpm). Checking the fetal heart rate is a good way to find out if it's tolerating pregnancy and labor well. The presence of an embryonic heartbeat is an assuring sign of the health of the pregnancy. The heartbeat of a human embryo begins at approximately 21 days after conception, or five weeks after the last normal menstrual period (LMP), which is the date normally used to date pregnancy in the medical community. significant changes in multiple vital signs, such as an increase in heart rate and a drop in blood pressure. It is done through a vaginal examination during labour. 1 C) and 100. 00 with coupon (some sizes/colors) FREE delivery Thu, Feb 8. 2K+ bought in past month. According to some, a rapid rate of more than 140 beats per minute means you’re Mar 19, 2024 · Elements of the Apgar score include color, heart rate, reflexes, muscle tone, and respiration. By monitoring your baby’s heart rate, your provider can tell if the heart rate is too high or low or changing too much. The average fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per minute. At this point, a rapid deceleration of the fetal heart rate begins, reaching around 110-160 beats per minute in mid-gestation. It’s thrilling to hear the swoosh of your baby’s heartbeat at your prenatal appointments. Aug 7, 2023 · Fetal heart rate tracings reflect the response of the fetal central nervous system to intrauterine hypoxia. Nov 11, 2022 · 16. An electronic fetal monitor measures the fetal Jan 3, 2021 · Normal fetal heart rate on ultrasound. It can indicate fetal distress during labor and delivery. nlm. However, if you find that the baby's heart rate is lower during the day and they are looking lethargic, it is Jun 9, 2022 · A healthy newborn could have a sleeping heart rate of 90 to 160 bpm and an awake heart rate of 100 to 190 bpm — or even 205 bpm when crying. 8-10 Weeks: The heart rate increases to around 150 bpm as the baby’s heart develops further. If your child has palpitations or abnormal heartbeats and doesn’t appear well, especially if the episode is persistent, seek medical attention immediately. Aug 9, 2021 · A nonstress test is a safe, noninvasive test for pregnant women. You’ll be asked to undress and lie down. By 9 weeks, your baby’s heartbeat will be around 170 bpm. Multiply the number of beats you counted by 4 to get Mar 16, 2021 · An average fetal heart rate ranges from 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm) and changes when the baby is active. Owlet offers unparalleled peace of mind and improved sleep for families. FHR around 170 bpm may be classified as borderline fetal tachycardia. 3 and 7. ~170 -180 bpm by 9-10 weeks. Mar 23, 2023 · A slow fetal heart rate is termed fetal bradycardia and is usually defined as 1: FHR <100 bpm before 6. 9 beats per minute, and girls had an average heart rate of 151. The app allows configuring what activities to show and in what order. Generally, though, a child's heart rates slows as they get older. Mar 9, 2024 · Fetal Heart Accelerations and Decelerations. Often, these are benign and resolve spontaneously. $4999. Fetal heart rate monitoring. 0 F (36. Jul 20, 2022 · Valves form between the ventricles and the aorta (large blood vessel) and pulmonary artery. Current international guidelines recommend for the normal fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline different ranges of 110 to 150 beats per minute (bpm) or 110 to 160 bpm. These handheld devices can detect your baby's heartbeat as early as 8 weeks. FHR <120 bpm between 6. This is still considerably faster than your own heart rate. However, you may hear it a little earlier or later. Mar 6, 2023 · Continuous fetal monitoring, or cardiotocography, is a method of tracking the fetal heart rate (FHR) along with the occurrence of uterine contractions. The average heart rate in awake newborn babies fluctuates between 120 – 160 per minute. Small blood vessels form and fill with blood. Similar to adults, a baby’s heart rate varies depending on their activities, often slower during sleep and faster when awake. Jun 10, 2023 · Dr. During your last trimester of pregnancy and throughout labor, your baby's heart rate and rhythm will be monitored regularly to make sure all is well. sx ay ad jt er jp vr ne fl ar